Gum disease is more common in individuals with microvascular complications of diabetes, new research published in The Journal of Dental Research has found.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the gums and the bones supporting the teeth. It is caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque, and if left untreated, it can lead to the destruction of the tissues that hold the teeth in place, ultimately resulting in tooth loss. This tooth loss can affect essential functions like chewing and speaking, while also affecting self-esteem. As a result, periodontitis can significantly reduce a person’s quality of life, leading to difficulties with nutrition, communication, and social interactions.
Some studies have found that individuals with microvascular complications of diabetes such as retinopathy (damage to the blood vessels of the retina) and neuropathy (damage to the nerves) are at higher risk of periodontitis. The results found a clear link between microvascular complications and moderate/severe cases of periodontitis.
Individuals with diabetic retinopathy were 21% more likely to have moderate/severe periodontitis than those without complications of diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy was associated with a 36% increase in risk of having severe gum disease. When the participants had both diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy, their likelihood of having moderate/severe periodontitis was 51% higher than in those without complications of diabetes.
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